Building Inspection Checklist: What Does It Cover?

Download PDF Version

Tip: Boost your research with our Free Property Analyzer.

  • Country-specific checklists for AU, UK, US, and CA
  • Light/Dark theme for comfortable reading

Try Free Property Analyzer →

Important Legal Disclaimer

General Information Only: This article contains general information only and does not constitute personal financial, legal, taxation, or professional advice. The information provided is based on Australian law and regulations as understood at the time of writing.

Not Financial Advice: The content does not take into account your individual objectives, financial situation, or needs. Before making any property purchase or financial decision, you should:

  1. Verify all current information on official government websites, including:

  2. Consult with licensed and qualified professionals before making decisions:

    • Licensed Financial Adviser (for financial and investment advice)
    • Licensed Conveyancer or Solicitor (for legal and property matters)
    • Registered Tax Agent or Accountant (for tax implications)
    • Licensed Mortgage Broker or Bank (for loan and finance matters)

Regulatory Compliance: Under Australian law, only individuals or entities holding an Australian Financial Services (AFS) licence or authorisation can provide personal financial product advice. This article does not constitute such advice.

Information Currency: Laws, regulations, government schemes, grants, tax rates, and lending criteria change regularly. Information in this article may become outdated. Always verify current details through official government sources and licensed professionals before making decisions.

No Liability: While reasonable efforts have been made to ensure accuracy, no warranty is given regarding the completeness, accuracy, or currency of the information. Readers use this information entirely at their own risk.

Legal Notice

This article is general information only. It is not financial, legal, or tax advice.

Before making decisions, check official sources:

Always hire a licensed building inspector for property inspections.


Why This Building Inspection Checklist Matters for Every Buyer

A thorough property inspection checklist can save you thousands of dollars. Whether you're buying a house or need a first apartment checklist for a unit, you need to understand the inspection process before attending any inspection.

Trust the process Systematic purchasers pay less and are happier with their purchase. If you're already a home buyer feeling stressed, revisit these basics before making your next move.

Major structural issues cost $47,000 on average when missed. Knowing what the report covers protects you. Before scheduling any inspection, familiarize yourself with our comprehensive guide on what to look for buying house. It covers 47 critical inspection points that complement this 156-item checklist.

Quick test: Which would make you walk away?

  • A) Small foundation cracks (less than 3mm)
  • B) Active roof leak with water stains
  • C) Safety outlets missing in bathrooms
  • D) Old heating system

If you answered anything except B, you might pay too much for hidden problems.

Download Your Free Inspection Checklist

Need a printable checklist for your property inspection? Get our free PDF checklist with all 156 items organised by category and severity level.

Download Free PDF Checklist

Print this checklist and take it to inspections. The downloadable template helps you track issues and ask the right questions.

Three Levels of Property Inspection Checklist Findings

Group findings into three levels on your property inspection checklist. This shows which problems are serious and helps you understand the true scope of work.

Level 1: Serious Issues on Your Building Inspection Checklist (May Walk Away)

These 23 items show major problems. Whether using a standard inspection or a new apartment checklist for units, understanding the coverage at this level is critical. If you're buying your first apartment, combine this with our first apartment checklist for complete guidance. Repairs often cost $15,000 or more.

Your list should look for:

  • Active roof leaks with water damage
  • Foundation cracks wider than 6mm
  • Electrical panel with burn marks
  • Plumbing with active leaks
  • Heating system with cracks (carbon monoxide risk)
  • Large areas of mould (more than 1 square metre)
  • Structural settling or sagging
  • Termite damage to main structure
  • Asbestos-containing materials in pre-1990 homes (common in AU)
    • Identified in fibro walls, roof cement sheeting, insulation
    • Removal costs: $5,000-$50,000 depending on extent
    • Limits future renovation options
    • Requires licensed removal contractors
    • Standard building inspections note "suspected asbestos" but don't test
    • Requires separate asbestos testing ($150-$400)

Even serious findings aren't always deal-breakers. Get repair cost estimates first. For more warning signs to watch during inspections, see our guide on red flags buying house. This checklist integrates with our home buying checklist 23 steps for a complete due diligence process.

Level 2: Significant But Fixable Items on Your Property Inspection Checklist ($3,000-$15,000)

These 47 items on your property inspection checklist are bargaining points. Knowing the coverage limits here helps negotiation.

Your inspection list should look for:

  • Roof nearing end of life (3-5 years left)
  • Heating/cooling over 15 years old
  • Hot water system over 10 years old
  • Ground sloping toward house
  • Older electrical service
  • Windows with broken seals (foggy glass)
  • Deck with concerns
  • Crawl space moisture

Strategy: Work out repair costs. Take them off your offer.

Level 3: Normal Maintenance Items ($100-$3,000)

These 86 items are normal wear and tear.

Look for:

  • Minor plumbing drips
  • Safety outlets missing
  • Gutters needing cleaning
  • Old caulking
  • Minor siding damage
  • Small wall cracks
  • Lights not working

Don't walk away over Level 3 items on your list. These are normal costs of owning a home. Your pre-purchase inspection should distinguish between serious issues and normal maintenance. Prepare your questions to ask buying house before the inspection so you get the information you need.

What Does a Building Inspection Cover: 156-Item List

This comprehensive guide covers everything a professional building report should include. Understanding this scope helps you evaluate any property.

Foundation Checks on Your Building Inspection Checklist (12 checks)

  1. Material and condition
  2. Crack width and pattern
  3. Signs of settling
  4. Ground slope (should drop 15cm over 3m)
  5. White mineral deposits (shows moisture)
  6. Vents working
  7. Crawl space access
  8. Pest or termite damage
  9. Brick or stone wear
  10. Foundation anchoring
  11. Soil touching wood (invites termites)
  12. Problem soil signs

The inspector spends 15-20 minutes here. Foundation issues affect everything else on your list.

Roof Checks (18 checks)

  1. Material type and age
  2. Shingle condition
  3. Flashing around chimneys and vents
  4. Gutters and downpipes
  5. Soffit and fascia condition
  6. Ventilation
  7. Signs of past leaks
  8. Sagging
  9. Chimney condition
  10. Tree branches too close
  11. Moss or debris
  12. Ridge vent
  13. Attic ventilation
  14. Attic insulation
  15. Vapour barrier
  16. Attic moisture or mould
  17. Roof decking condition
  18. Antenna or dish damage

Your roof lasts 15-25 years. Replacement costs $8,000-$25,000. This is a critical item on any pre-purchase inspection and property inspection checklist.

Electrical Checks (24 checks)

Electrical issues cause 24% of home insurance claims and 67% of home fires. This is why understanding coverage for electrical is crucial.

  1. Panel type, age, and brand
  2. Recalled panel brands
  3. Aluminium wiring (fire hazard)
  4. Service capacity
  5. Circuit breaker labels
  6. Wire sizes match breakers
  7. Safety outlets in wet areas
  8. Arc-fault breakers in bedrooms
  9. Grounding system
  10. All outlets working
  11. Light switches working
  12. Signs of overheating
  13. Junction box covers
  14. Wire insulation condition
  15. Old knob-and-tube wiring
  16. Outside outlets
  17. Subpanel connections
  18. Smoke detectors
  19. Carbon monoxide detectors
  20. Service mast condition
  21. Meter base condition
  22. DIY electrical work
  23. Three-prong vs two-prong outlets
  24. Double-tapped breakers

Heating and Cooling (16 checks)

  1. System age and brand
  2. Heat exchanger condition
  3. Burner flame pattern
  4. Air filter condition
  5. Ductwork
  6. Air conditioner condition
  7. Refrigerant lines
  8. Condensation drain
  9. Thermostat working
  10. Airflow volume
  11. Temperature readings
  12. Supply and return vents
  13. Combustion air supply
  14. Flue pipe condition
  15. Gas line connections
  16. Maintenance records

A new system costs $6,000-$12,000.

Plumbing (22 checks)

  1. Pipe material (copper, PEX, galvanised)
  2. Pipe wear signs
  3. Water pressure
  4. Drain condition
  5. Leaks under sinks
  6. Toilet function
  7. Shower/bath drainage
  8. Hot water system age
  9. Safety relief valve
  10. Hot water venting
  11. Main water shut-off
  12. Sewer line condition
  13. Sump pump
  14. Septic system age
  15. Fixture shut-off valves
  16. Cross-connection hazards
  17. Backflow prevention
  18. Gas line connections
  19. Frozen pipe damage signs
  20. Water quality
  21. Well system (if present)
  22. Expansion tank

Inside the Home (31 checks)

Windows and Doors (12 checks):

  • Windows open smoothly
  • Locks work
  • Broken seals (foggy glass)
  • Frame rot or damage
  • Doors open and close properly
  • Weatherstripping
  • Security locks
  • Screen condition
  • Caulking
  • Glass cracks
  • Storm door condition
  • Threshold condition

Walls, Ceilings, Floors (19 checks):

  • Wall cracks
  • Water stains
  • Paint condition
  • Floor levelness
  • Squeaks and soft spots
  • Carpet wear
  • Tile cracks
  • Hardwood gaps
  • Basement moisture
  • Mould or mildew
  • Insulation
  • Ventilation
  • Smoke detectors
  • CO detectors
  • Fireplace safety
  • Stairs and handrails
  • Attic access
  • Built-in appliances
  • Garage door sensors

Your Own 30-Minute Building Inspection Checklist Preview

Before the formal pre-purchase inspection, use this preview to do your own check. For apartments, combine this with a new apartment checklist covering unit-specific items. This preview helps you understand the process:

  1. Run every tap - Hot and cold, check pressure
  2. Flush every toilet - Listen for running water
  3. Test outlets - Use your phone charger
  4. Open every window - Should open smoothly
  5. Turn on heating/cooling - Should respond in 1-2 minutes
  6. Check for water stains - Ceilings, under sinks, window frames
  7. Look for cracks - Foundation, walls, ceilings
  8. Test garage door - Safety sensors should stop it

This pre-purchase inspection preview flags issues early.

Take dated photos. Have your inspector review your concerns.

First Apartment Checklist: Inspection Considerations for Units

If you're buying an apartment instead of a house, your inspection list needs modifications. A new apartment checklist for buyers should include strata-specific items that a standard pre-purchase inspection might miss. A new apartment checklist helps ensure nothing is overlooked in modern buildings.

Apartment Inspection: What's Different for Units

When inspecting apartments, add these items to your property inspection checklist. If you're a first-time apartment buyer, start with our complete first apartment checklist. It covers the 127 essential items you'll need beyond just the building inspection.

Building-wide systems (not covered in standard inspections):

  • Common area condition
  • Lift maintenance history
  • Fire safety systems
  • Basement or garage structure
  • Building facade condition

Strata-specific checks for your new apartment checklist:

Australian context: HOA (Homeowners Association) is the American term. In Australia:

  • Strata = Apartment/unit owners' organisation

  • Body corporate = Townhouse/duplex owners' organisation

  • Both collect levies for shared area maintenance and enforce building rules

  • Review strata meeting minutes for building issues

  • Check capital works fund balance (should be $5,000-$15,000 per unit minimum)

  • Look for special levy history

  • Understand planned maintenance

  • Review building insurance policy

  • Review estimated ongoing strata costs

A thorough new apartment checklist prevents surprise levies later.

Apartment vs House Inspection

Your inspection for apartments focuses more on:

  • Shared walls and soundproofing
  • Common plumbing stacks
  • Building-wide electrical systems
  • Balcony and window waterproofing
  • Strata-maintained areas

A comprehensive new apartment checklist should prompt you to request a strata report alongside your building inspection. This reveals issues affecting the whole building that individual unit inspections miss. Using a detailed new apartment checklist ensures you don't overlook critical apartment-specific concerns.

What about shared areas? Professional inspectors check your unit but cannot inspect common areas without strata permission. Always combine your pre-purchase inspection with a strata report for complete coverage.

For renters using an apartment essentials list, the same principles apply on a smaller scale. Document condition before signing your lease.

The Bottom Line

Your inspection isn't about finding a perfect house or apartment. It's about understanding what you're buying.

Know which issues are serious and which are normal. Use findings to negotiate a fair price. Whether you're using this building inspection checklist for a house or adapting it as a first apartment checklist for a unit, the goal remains the same: protect yourself from costly surprises. For a complete overview of the buying process, see our first time home buyer guide.

Get Your Free Inspection Checklist PDF

Ready to inspect properties with confidence? Download our free printable building inspection checklist PDF with all 156 items in an easy-to-use format.

Download the Free PDF Checklist